Pennsylvania Smartweed (Persicaria pensylvanica) vs Spotted Ladysthumb (Persicaria maculosa)

These two species, one invasive and one native, are easily confused. Both range coast-to-coast, but P. pensylvanicum is more common in the south of the range overlap, and P. maculosa ranges farther north.

References & External Resources

These short lists show only links helpful for ID. For a complete list of references and resources also covering other aspects of ecology, visit the links section of the full article on each plant, which is the first entry here.