Austrian Pine vs Red Pine
These two closely-related species are visually similar and can be difficult to distinguish. Austrian pine is widely planted in landscaping whereas red pine is not, but red pine is grown in plantations south of its native range.
Austrian Pine (Pinus nigra) | Red Pine (Pinus resinosa) |
A pine native to the regions around the Mediterranean, mostly southern Europe and Turkey. Wild populations have become established in several locations in North America due to this plant being widely planted. | A pine native to northern areas in eastern North America, mostly found on dry, sandy soils, often near lakes; typically requires fire to establish. |
 Dark gray bark. Photo © Alex Zorach, CC BY-SA 4.0. |  Reddish bark. Photo © askalotl, Public Domain. |
References & External Resources
These short lists show only links helpful for ID. For a complete list of references and resources also covering other aspects of ecology, visit the links section of the full article on each plant, which is the first entry here.
